abstract：:Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by a specific genetic alteration, affecting the retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha), and leading to a blockage in the differentiation of the granulocytic cells. The accumulation of the promyelocytic blasts in the...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Lo-Coco F,Ammatuna E,Montesinos P,Sanz MA

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent and second primary tumors arising within a previously radiated head and neck volume represent a difficult clinical scenario to manage. For patients who have resectable disease, surgery is the standard treatment. Chemotherapy is the standard for patients with unresectable or metastatic disease but offers no c...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Salama JK,Vokes EE

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of cancers present with synchronous or metachronous hepatic metastases. Historically, many of these patients were considered unresectable and were treated with either systemic chemotherapy or supportive care. Today, a variety of options exist for the management of hepatic metastases. Newer agents for systemic...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Arciero CA,Sigurdson ER

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, often presenting with distant metastasis. While controversy exists regarding the actual incidence of the disease, there is agreement that IBC causes a disproportionate number of breast cancer deaths. Those with typical IBC symptoms face a h...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Mason G,Johnson O

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an extremely aggressive disease that progresses rapidly and carries a very grim prognosis. It is characterized by erythema, rapid enlargement of the breast, skin ridging, and a characteristic peau d'orange appearance of the skin secondary to dermal lymphatic tumor involvement. Altho...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Singletary SE,Cristofanilli M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigators representing all major melanoma research areas present an overview of the most important challenges for the field. Four major research areas are covered plus the training of new investigators. For each area we first describe the present status, its strengths and weaknesses, and then outline specific reco...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Herlyn M,Halaban R,Ronai Z,Schuchter L,Berwick M,Pinkel D

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to correlate changes in morphology to changes in molecular attributes, we constructed a tissue microarray of thin and thick melanomas selected to represent progression from dysplasia to early and advanced melanoma. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistology with antibodies to cyclin D1, p16, Ki6...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Tuthill RJ,Reed RJ

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a result of the increasing effectiveness of cancer screening and preventive interventions, ethical issues, as well as legal liabilities, are increasingly associated with cancer genetic testing. These issues include the possible "duty to warn" relatives of inherited cancer risk, the appropriateness of testing of chi...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Offit K,Thom P

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary element involved in the practical delivery of hereditary cancer risk counseling is the development of a cancer genetics service. This service should involve a multidisciplinary core of specialists, aim to identify at-risk individuals and their families, and provide comprehensive genetic counseling with the...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： DeMarco TA,Smith KL,Nusbaum RH,Peshkin BN,Schwartz MD,Isaacs C

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the benefit of adjuvant therapy for pancreas cancer is clear, the most effective therapy remains elusive. In the United States, combination therapy with chemotherapy and radiation remains the standard of care, while in other parts of the world the contribution of radiation is questioned. Clinical trials are r...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Mulcahy MF

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Almost 125 years after the first documented case, pulmonary metastasectomy is still poorly understood. No other organ is subject to the wide histologic variety of metastatic insults, and this fact has complicated a complete exposition of when pulmonary metastasectomy may be beneficial. Many physicians still consider p...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Sternberg DI,Sonett JR

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), which is the pathological diagnosis for the majority of bladder cancers, is a solid tumor entity that is responsive to immunotherapy as evidenced by a substantial cure rate documented with the use of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy in selected patients with high-g...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Sharma P,Old LJ,Allison JP

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early detection of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in esophageal cancer may allow individualization of treatment strategies and avoidance of unnecessary treatment. Although positron emission tomography (PET) with [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) permits detection of changes in tumor proliferation before any chan...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Chao KS

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small cell carcinoma (SCC) has become recognized as a distinct, though relatively infrequent, clinical pathology that occurs in multiple sites throughout the head and neck. Excluding cases that are considered to arise from skin, SCC in the head and neck has been found to develop in nearly all structures associated wit...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Renner G

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the increasing numbers of breast cancers survivors, menopause, its symptoms, and its physical complications are becoming more prevalent problems in this patient population. Hormonal replacement, which has been the cornerstone therapy of menopausal related symptoms for decades, recently has been shown to increase ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Bruno D,Feeney KJ

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is associated with increased survival in esophageal cancer. Early detection of response or nonresponse to neoadjuvant chemoradiation might allow individualization of treatment strategies and avoidance of unnecessary treatment. Positron emission tomo...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Chao KS

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colorectal cancer is an ideal model in which to study malignant progression from the molecular-genetic perspective because different stages of the same malignancy coexist within each patient. Approximately 75% of colorectal cancer cases are sporadic and the remaining are familial disease, yet genetic mutations that ha...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Kitisin K,Mishra L

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant achievements in the basic sciences have led to a greater knowledge of the underlying signaling pathways in renal cell cancer (RCC), including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway). The mTOR pathway has a central role in the regulation of cell growth and in...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Pantuck AJ,Thomas G,Belldegrun AS,Figlin RA

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are several treatment options for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), including those with disease that has progressed after treatment with chemotherapy. Bevacizumab-containing regimens show good efficacy in patients with previously treated disease. Compared with infused 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Giantonio BJ

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large body of work spanning the past decade has identified the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as a critical modulator of an extensive network of cellular signaling pathways. Many of the processes overseen by Hsp90 are deregulated in tumor cells, including cell cycle control, gene transcription, an...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Cullinan SB,Whitesell L

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term survival is occasionally observed in patients with neoplastic meningitis (NM) accompanying breast cancer (13% one-year and 6% 2-year survival), melanoma, and lymphoma, but in general the survival of most patients is short and averages only 3 to 4 months. The incidence of NM appears to be increasing, in part ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Jaeckle KA

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoproliferative disorders are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of aberrant lymphocytes, which frequently interfere with the processes associated with immunologic response and hematopoiesis. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has traditionally been considered indolent, with a prolonged clinical course. Ho...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Hillmen P

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune complications are common in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), occurring in up to a quarter of all patients during the course of the illness. By far the most common manifestation is autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), followed by immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). It is not true to say that autoimmunity is con...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Hamblin TJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin is now established as the standard first-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced ovarian cancer. Ways in which this standard therapy can be further improved are being investigated, and several approaches have been taken. One approach is to integrate a different cytotoxic ag...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Thigpen T

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Letrozole has proven efficacious in a variety of therapeutic scenarios, including that of extended adjuvant therapy following 5 years of tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal women with estrogen-receptor-positive early breast cancer. The Breast International Group 1-98 trial (BIG 1-98) is the first to study the effica...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Forbes JF

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Denileukin diftitox (ONTAK; Seragen Inc, San Diego, CA) is a fusion protein designed to direct the cytocidal action of diphtheria toxin to cells that overexpress the IL-2 receptor. The human IL-2 receptor exists in three isoforms: low (CD25), intermediate (CD122/CD132), and high (CD25/CD122/CD132) affinity. The high-a...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Foss F

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the various deleterious effects of cancer chemotherapy, vascular toxicity is the least well recognized. This lack of recognition may be because the vasculotoxic phenomena are not unique to antineoplastic agents, can occur in patients without exposure to these agents, and the fact cancer itself may produce a hype...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Shahab N,Haider S,Doll DC

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current oncology practice of treating cancer with aggressive doses of radiation and chemotherapy is potentially disastrous, as response and side effects vary depending on several factors including pharmacogenetics. This study is the first to evaluate esophageal cancer treatment with a pharmacogenetic paradigm and ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Wu X,Lu C,Chiang SS,Ajani JA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For four decades, 5-fluorouracil was the only option available for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. It provided a response rate of 15% to 20%, with a median survival of approximately 1 year. In the past 5 years, remarkable progress has been made in colorectal cancer research with the approval of irinotecan ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Varadhachary GR,Hoff PM

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in understanding tumor-specific immunity have introduced new excitement in the clinical development of vaccines for the treatment of cancer. A better understanding of basic immunologic principles has led to a variety of techniques for enhancing tumor-specific immunity through vaccination. Approaches to...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Arlen PM,Kaufman HL,DiPaola RS

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently, the primary use of liver transplantation in the setting of malignancy is in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, with generally accepted criteria for transplantation consisting of the presence of one nodule less than 5 cm or two of three nodules each less than 3 cm in the absence of detectable vascular i...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Belghiti J

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alterations in chromatin structure resulting from aberrant DNA methylation and perturbations of the histone code profoundly influence gene expression during pulmonary carcinogenesis. Recent studies indicate that DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors synergistically induce gene expression a...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Schrump DS,Nguyen DM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single-agent gemcitabine remains the standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer. Recent phase III trials have failed to show improvements in survival using gemcitabine in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, although the gemcitabine/oxaliplatin combination has shown some promise. The combination of g...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Burris HA 3rd

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Despite evidence of molecular abnormalities in biological specimens, progress in this disease is hampered by the lack of diagnostic markers useful for clinical practice. The majority of patients with lung cancer are still diagnosed at an advanced s...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Wardwell NR,Massion PP

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spirituality can exert a tremendous impact on ones health and promote recovery from trauma and illness, including cancer. Throughout the history of mankind, spirituality and religion have played a major role in healing a variety of physical and mental illnesses. Cancer is one of the most devastating illnesses, as it a...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Torosian MH,Biddle VR

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation is an effective modality to aid in symptom management of patients with metastatic disease. The type and duration of treatment depends on the Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of the patient and type and status of the cancer. Abbreviated treatment regimens may be favored in this patient population. They prov...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Konski A,Feigenberg S,Chow E

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Docetaxel is a semisynthetic taxane that acts primarily by promoting microtubule assembly and preventing the depolymerization of assembled microtubules, thereby inducing mitotic block and inhibition of cell proliferation. This agent also induces apoptosis and appears to prevent angiogenesis. Although docetaxel has sho...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Bekaii-Saab TS,Villalona-Calero MA

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major consequence of administering increasingly aggressive therapies (chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer is the adverse effects on the bone marrow that may lead to neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and/or anemia. Myelosuppression or bone marrow toxicity may al...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Ettinger DS

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the safety and feasibility of accelerated fractionation (via concomitant boost) radiotherapy (XRT) with concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy for locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung carcinoma. Radiotherapy consisted of 3-dimensional conformal techniq...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Machtay M,Washam C,Devine P

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is not a single disease, but a group of closely related B- and T-cell cancers of the lymphatic system. The incidence of NHL is rising, particularly in the countries of the industrialized world. The increased incidence is poorly understood, but several risk factors have been postulated to b...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Zinzani PL

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00